Jupiter

Jupiter
	File:P06fsj4v.jpeg
Number of Sattelites	79
Atmospheric Makeup	0.0% hydrogen; 0.2% helium
Distance from Sun	483.6 million miles
Diameter	86,881 miles; 139,882 Kilometers
Volume	1.43 Quadrillion Cubic Kilometers
Axial tilt	3.13 degrees
Orbit	12 Earthen years
Position in Solar System	Fifth planet from Sun
Surface Features	Gaseous atmosphere with several storms
Albedo	(geometric) 0.52; (bond) 0.343
Aphelion	510.33 million miles
Perihelion	462.86 million miles
Mass of Planet	1.89 x 10^27 kg
Escape Velocity	60 kilometers/seconds

Jupiter's atmospheric composition is made of the same elements as the Sun, hydrogen and helium. However, unlike the Sun, Jupiter does not have enough gravity to begin nuclear fusion and become a star. But Jupiter is at the very edge of becoming a Brown Dwarf Star, as it is denser that the largest exoplanet in the Milky Way.

Season on Jupiter are not very extreme because of his tilt. It takes nearly 12 years to complete his orbit but here the interesting is that t is the fastest rotational planet because it takes only 10 hours to complete one rotation.

Like all the other Jovian planets, Jupiter has a ring system. However, its ring system is the least massive out of all the planets and is much smaller than Saturn's extensive ring system and is barely visible.

Formation[]

Around 23 million years after the Sun formed, the leftover materials gathered together in a dense clump of rocky and gaseous materials which would be Jupiter's core. The core was almost three times larger and denser as the Earth. However, the abundance of various types of gas scattered everywhere in its orbit helped it gather enough particles to grow a gaseous envelope of hydrogen and helium. If the Sun didn't form in the Solar System, it is likely that Jupiter would've been the main host star of the Solar System.

Atmosphere[]

See also: Atmosphere of Jupiter

Jupiter's temperature above the clouds can reach -160 degrees Fahrenheit. When water precipitates, everything on Jupiter crystallizes. The surface temperature varies on the climate of the location on a point of Jupiter. Jupiter has hundreds of storms that ravage through the atmosphere. The main one being the Great Red Spot. This storm has been lasting for three hundred years. The atmosphere is mostly made up of hydrogen.

Another storm was the Oval BA storm, also known as Red Spot Jr., is a storm similar to that of the Great Red Spot, hence the nickname. This storm formed several decades ago, and is smaller than the Red Spot, being only about 0.9 Earths in diameter, nearly three times smaller than the Great Red Spot. This storm is located in the southern hemisphere of Jupiter, where it was formed. Three smaller storms collided and formed this storm, only for them to fully conjoin in early 2000.

Greatest of Them All[]

Jupiter rotates on its axis the fastest in the solar system. Jupiter takes only ten hours to rotate once on its axis. Jupiter is also the largest planet in the solar system. Jupiter has 79 Moons the second most behind Saturn's 82 Moons. Jupiter also is home to the largest moon in the solar system, Ganymede.

Impact by Shoemaker-Levy 9[]

Main Link: Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9

D/1993 F2, or Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9, is a short-period comet that began orbiting Jupiter around the early 1980's. On July 16, 1994, the first comet impacted on 8:13 pm. Before this, the comet split into 21 pieces, and the first one to hit was designated as "fragment A". The other ones collided at different times after the fact. To the right is the picture of the comet once it split into its fragments before it collided into Jupiter.

Flyby Missions[]

The flyby missions of Jupiter began in the year of 1973 with, the most notable spacecraft, Pioneer 10, making its first flyby in December of 1973. The last flyby mission was made by New Horizons, which came within two million miles of Jupiter. The farthest approach was made by the second Ulysses mission, which came within one hundred twenty million miles of the planet. The closest approach of of them all was Pioneer 11, which came with thirty thousand kilometers of the planet.

Below is a chart of the spacecrafts, their closest approaches, in kilometers, and the date of their closest approaches.

Trivia[]

The Name İs Same the Emir Mert Kaydu's Cat

Name of Spacecraft	Distance of Closest Approach	Date of Closest Approach
Pioneer 10	129,560 kilometers	December 3, 1973
Pioneer 11	33,700 kilometers	December 4, 1974
Voyager 1	348,950 kilometers	March 5, 1979
Voyager 2	595,000 kilometers	July 9, 1979
Ulysses (1st mission)	410,000 kilometers	February 8, 1992
Ulysses (2nd mission)	119,780,000 kilometers	February 4, 2004
Cassini	10,200,000 kilometers	December 30, 2000
New Horizons	2,305,000 kilometers	February 28, 2007
Juno	4,200 kilometers	October 18 2017

Jupiter

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